Category Archives: Transition & College

Workforce Innovation and Opportunity Act (2014)

The Workforce Innovation and Opportunity Act significantly limits placements at sheltered workshops and other work environments where people with disabilities earn less than minimum wage.

Under the new law, individuals with disabilities age 24 and younger will no longer be allowed to work for less than the federal minimum of $7.25 per hour unless they first receive pre-employment transition services at school and try vocational rehabilitation services.

See entire article at Disability Scoop for June 22, 2014.

The 411 on Disability Disclosure: A Workbook for Youth with Disabilities

The 411 on Disability Disclosure: A Workbook for Youth with Disabilities is designed for youth and adults working with them to learn about disability disclosure. This workbook helps young people make informed decisions about whether or not to disclose their disability and understand how that decision may impact their education, employment, and social lives. Based on the premise that disclosure is a very personal decision, the Workbook helps young people think about and practice disclosing their disability. ~ quoting website. A publication of the National Collaborative on Workforce and Disability.

What You Need to Know: Going to College

There are countless online resources for students with disabilities choosing college and we share some important resources here.  But here is what we want you to know first:

In Oklahoma, a college is a two year campus where you can earn an associates degree or an applied associates degree in science.  We call these community colleges.

A university, private or public, is where you can earn a bachelors degree as well as graduate degrees like law, social work or medicine.

Career technology centers do not offer college degrees.  They may provide college level coursework as part of an agreement they hold with a community college.

OKCollegeStart.org is an interactive website for students and parents to learn about higher education in OK as well as career and salary overviews and specific degree programs.

The National Council on Learning Disabilities provides a checklist for students with disabilities heading off to college.

The US Department of Education offers a tipsheet on students with disabilities rights in post-secondary settings.

Approximately 4,000 students with disabilities each year attend OK colleges and universities!  

College Students with Disabilities & Federal Financial Aid

Students with disabilities of all sorts are eligible to apply for financial aid (www.fafsa.gov).  You may plan to take fewer hours each semester and not have full-time enrollment status.  This can impact the amount of your financial aid package.  That’s why it is very important to meet with a financial aid counselor as soon as you have been admitted into your college and request a “reasonable accommodation” to maximize your financial aid funding.  The time to schedule a meeting with a financial aid counselor is not the weeks immediately preceding or during a new semester – they are just too busy at these times! From the US Department of Education:  The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) and the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 require postsecondary institutions to provide reasonable accommodations for a student’s disability, so long as they don’t constitute undue hardship. Reasonable accommodations must be related to the student’s disability, and can include extended time for testing and reduced course load, in addition to the usual architectural modifications.  Schools can and should use professional judgment to include in cost of attendance (or make other adjustments to income and assets) expenses related to the student’s disability.  However, this does not permit the school to count the reduced course load as though it were a full-time load for financial aid purposes. Current regulations determine enrollment status by program and require all students in a program to be subjected to the same definition of full-time status. No exception is allowed for students with disabilities. The Department of Education considered relaxing this standard but determined such a change would cause students with disabilities to run out of aid more quickly (due to semester fees, housing, etc.)  Financial Aid comes in three forms:

  1. Grants and scholarships do not need to be repaid and are granted on financial need, academic merit or other factors such as school zone or professional affiliation.  A Pell Grant is our nation’s most common federal aid grant to college students.
  2. Work study enables college students to take jobs on campus in exchange for tuition, room and board expenses.
  3. Student loans must always be repaid, often over a 10, 15 or 30 year period with interest.  If a student borrower has a documented disability at the time of the initial loan application, they are held equally responsible for paying back all loans in a timely fashion.  If a person acquires a total and permanent disability (TPD) after a school loan has been processed, the Department of Education will dismiss the loan after appropriate documentation (known as a TPD Discharge)

Persons working in certain public service fields and governmental agencies are also eligible, under certain circumstances, to have their loans forgiven. This is known as the Public Service Loan Forgiveness Program

 In addition to your salary being garnished, your Social Security and disability benefits can be cut for failure to pay back a federal college loan.

  Filing Your FAFSA  FAFSA =  Free Application for Federal Student Aid and is available at fafsa.ed.gov or OkCollegeStart.org Applications must be filled out online.  In addition to federal funds, the FAFSA is often required by states and independent scholarship programs to determine eligibility.  Regardless of whether you have settled on a college or degree program, it is important you complete your FAFSA as soon after January 1!  You do not have to disclose any specific information about a disability on this form. Students of all ages, nationalities and abilities are eligible to apply for financial aid.  To complete your FAFSA, you will need to have:

  • Your social security number and driver’s license (if any)
  • Any w-2 forms showing money you or your parents earned
  • Your most recent federal income tax return (or your parents’ if you are still their dependent)
  • Records of any untaxed income such as disability benefits payments
  • Your (or parents’) current bank statement
  • Information on your housing costs and investments
  • Alien registration or permanent resident card if you are no ta US citizen.

Three BONUS things to know about federal student loans:

  • You are not obligated to accept the entire amount of the loan package offered.  Be smart and accept only the money you will need.  If at all possible, pay off small amounts each month toward your student loan while still in college because that compounding interest adds up!
  • Subsidized loans are awarded on the basis of financial need and they do not accrue interest while you are still in college.  Unsubsidized loans immediately begin charging interest and so these types of loans are more expensive for students.  One way to minimize how much interest accrues is to pay the interest as it accumulates (like paying that amount off each month while still in college!)
  • Taking out federal student loans does not affect your SSDI payments. Only earned wages and incomes – not financial assistance programs – impact SSDI.

PS. Do you know about Oklahoma’s Promise?  This is a an aid program for families whose income is less than 50,000 annually.  It pays a significant portion of costs for students who attend OK colleges and universities. But you must apply in the 8th, 9th or 10th grade and meet additional eligibility requirements.